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Problem Solving
(5 steps) |
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1. Identify the question (problem) |
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2. List the important data |
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3. Write the formula or facts which relate the
question with the known data |
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4. Substitute data into the formula |
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5. Calculate |
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Does it answer the question ? |
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Does the answer make sense ? |
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Is there a need for rounding ? |
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Fundamental properties |
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mass (weight) kilogram |
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length meter |
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time second |
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temperature Kelvin |
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*electric charge (coulombs) and light intensity
(candela) will be discussed later in this class |
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Derived quantities |
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density, velocity, force, etc... |
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Metric system vs English system |
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Metric (SI) International system |
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standardized |
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international |
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consistent base units |
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multiples of 10 |
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English (US) system |
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non-standard |
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only US |
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no consistent base units |
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no consistent multiples |
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Base units |
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mass
gram(g) |
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length
meter (m) |
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liquid volume liter (l) |
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time
second (s) |
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Prefixes for multiples of 10 |
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T - - G - - M - -k h d (base) d c m - - m - - n - -p |
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move the decimal to convert |
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Metric Metric |
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multiples of 10 |
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move decimal |
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*area - move twice |
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*volume - move three times |
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English Metric |
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conversion
factors |
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proportion method |
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unit cancellation method |
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Fahrenheit to Celsius |
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Celsius to Fahrenheit |
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Kelvin to Celsius and Celsius to Kelvin |
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Used for expressing very large or very small
values |
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standard form
base x 10exponent |
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base is between 1.0 and 9.999… |
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if exponent is positive the value is greater
than 1 |
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if exponent is negative the value is less than 1 |
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convert to decimal by moving the decimal the
number of places indicated by the exponent |
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Significant digits |
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The digits reported in a measured quantity |
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Indicate the precision of the measuring
instrument |
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Calculations should not have more significant
digits than the measurement with the least number of significant digits |
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*In this class we will use rounding to help make
calculations understandable and useful. In some instances this will yield
slightly different results. |
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Notes